1100-English-Spanish-Cognates

smallhead BIGWISDOM

Rising your being

1100 English-Spanish Cognates

 

This book is intended to explain the usage of 1100 cognates existing between English and Spanish to students of Spanish as a second language or to Spanish native speakers who want to acquire, refresh or improve their knowledge on this topic.

Through my experience, I was able to identify a practical and an efficient way to learn vocabulary in both languages by using these words which are homonyms, homophones or have some similarity.

For each of the 1100 words, its definition, and examples are included in the two languages. That means, there will be 1100 examples in Spanish with their 1100 counterparts in English to clearly learn how to properly use them in a variety of contexts in several fields.

In addition, and as a bonus, there will be the option to get access to the audio pronunciations of each of the 1100 words from our website. This is a magnificent opportunity to master these terms, their meanings as well as their practical and varied examples.

With that being said, let’s get started!

Gaboch.

 

Table of content

About the Author

Introduction

Definition of Cognate

Cognates, definitions and practical examples

 

Chapter 1

 

  1. Group1: 1-100 English-Spanish Cognates

1.1  Definitions

1.2 Examples

 

Chapter 2

 

  1. Group2: 101-200 English-Spanish Cognates

2.1 Definitions

2.2 Examples

 

Chapter 3

 

  1. Group3: 201-300 English-Spanish Cognates

3.1 Definitions

3.2 Examples

 

Chapter 4

 

  1. Group4: 301-400 English-Spanish Cognates

4.1      Definitions

4.2      Examples

 

Chapter 5

 

  1. Group5: 401-500 English-Spanish Cognates

5.1      Definitions

5.2      Examples

 

Chapter 6

 

  1. Group6: 501-600 English-Spanish Cognates

6.1      Definitions

6.2      Examples

 

Chapter 7

 

  1. Group7: 601-700 English-Spanish Cognates

7.1 Definitions

7.2 Examples

 

Chapter 8

 

  1. Group8: 701-800 English-Spanish Cognates

8.1 Definitions

8.2 Examples

 

Chapter 9

 

 

  1. Group9: 801-900 English-Spanish Cognates

9.1 Definitions

9.2 Examples

 

Chapter 10

 

  1. Group10: 901-1000 English-Spanish Cognates

10.1    Definitions

10.2    Examples

 

Chapter 11

 

 

  1. Group11: 1001-1100 English-Spanish Cognates

11.1    Definitions

11.2    Examples

 

How to get access to the audio pronunciations

 

Acknowledgements

All Spanish Prepositions

smallhead BIGWISDOM

Rising your being

All Spanish Prepositions

This book is intended to explain how to use the 23 prepositions existing in the Spanish language to students of Spanish as a second language or to Spanish native speakers who want to acquire, refresh or improve their knowledge on this topic.

Studying prepositions in any language is one of the hardest tasks because there are several rules to follow as well as some exceptions.

The various rule categories are explained for each preposition along with numerous examples. These examples cover different contexts to give the reader multiple usage options of the language throughout the 427 examples in Spanish which are translated into English.

By reading this book and analyzing the examples, the usage of prepositions in Spanish will eventually become a second nature to you.

With that being said, let’s get started!

Table of content

Definition

Usage and some examples of each preposition in Spanish

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “A

 

  • To indicate destination
  • To express ending or limit
  • To indicate location
  • To express purpose
  • To indicate distribution (“por” can also be used)
  • To indicate manner

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “ANTE

 

  • To indicate location with respect to the observer
  • To express a cause or reason
  • To express preference

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “BAJO

 

  • To express location in a lower position
  • To express ‘protección’ or ‘control’
  • To express ‘subjugation’
  • To express ‘concealment’

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “CABE

 

  • To express “cerca de” (near)

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “CON

 

  • To express company
  • To express collaboration or joint actions:
  • To express a tool or a means to do something
  • To express the means, material or immaterial, used to do something
  • To express the qualities of somebody or something
  • To express the way a process is carried out
  • With an infinitive to indicate concession
  • To indicate condition
  • With nominal groups

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “CONTRA

 

  • To indicate opposition in all varieties. It introduces nouns to specify the person or thing to which somebody or something is against
  • To express the recipient of an action
  • To express the person or thing affected by a reprehensible action
  • To express location
  • In some restricted contexts, it can be used to mean ‘a cambio de’

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “DE

 

  • To express spatial origin
  • To express temporary origin of something
  • To express genitive character (dependency, possession)
  • To express appositive character (when a noun or a nominal group follows immediately after another element of the same class)
  • To highlight the agent (action creator)
  • To highlight the recipient of an action
  • To express the whole from which a part is highlighted
  • To express what it is characterized by certain property
  • To express the matter from which something is made of
  • To express the purpose of usage of something
  • To express the cause or the reason of being
  • To express cause, generally, extreme causes
  • When used with an infinitive, it creates conditional constructions
  • To express figurative meaning of origin
  • To express fastening (connection)
  • To express absence of something
  • To express what something is occupying. Often, a place or a container.
  • To express judgement or provide information on names of disciplines, subjects or issues (some can be replaced by “sobre” or “acerca de”)
  • To express what is affected by something

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “DESDE

 

  • To express the origin or the starting point of a process. (In some cases, “a partir de” and “de” can also be used).
  • To express the reference from which a measure is established
  • To indicate the place from which something is perceived
  • To indicate a time-related unit
  • To express the cause of something interpreted as its origin
  • To mean ‘en cuanto’

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “DURANTE

 

  • To establish a concrete duration. (The simultaneity of two actions)

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “EN

 

  • To indicate location
  • To indicate time
  • To indicate motion or the result of a process
  • To indicate the period of time in which a situation happens. “A lo largo de” can also be used
  • To express the state or condition of something or somebody

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “ENTRE

 

  • To express location by limits in a space dimension
  • To express location by limits in a time dimension
  • To express location by limits in another type of dimension
  • To highlight a quality among all the individual possessing it
  • To express a varied relationship between people or things and, sometimes, it has reciprocal sense
  • To express addition

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “HACIA

 

  • To express direction or orientation with respect to a point. Sometimes, “a” can also be used.
  • To express approximate time

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “HASTA

 

  • To express the limit of an action, a process or a situation
  • To talk about space limits
  • To express multiplication of events
  • To express ‘lo más adelante posible’
  • To express ‘lo más atrás posible’
  • With adverbs in a direct object
  • To create sentence complements
  • In sentences with cause or consecutive interpretation

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “MEDIANTE

 

  • To express the method or means to do something. “Con” can also be used.

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “PARA

 

  • To indicate destination
  • To show the use or purpose of a thing
  • To mean “in order to” or “for the purpose of”
  • To indicate a recipient
  • To express a deadline or specific time
  • To express a contrast from what is expected
  • “estar para” to express an action that will soon be completed (it’s about to happen)
  • To express an opinion
  • Some idiomatic expressions with “Para”

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “POR

 

  • To express gratitude or apology
  • For multiplication
  • For velocity, frequency and proportion
  • Meaning “through,” “along,” “by” or “in the area of”
  • When talking about exchange, including sales
  • To mean “on behalf of,” or “in favor of,”
  • To express a length of time
  • To express an undetermined, or general time, meaning “during”
  • For means of communication or transportation
  • In cases of mistaken identity, or meaning “to be seen as”
  • To show the reason for an errand
  • When followed by an infinitive, to express an action that remains to be completed, use “por + infinitive”
  • To express cause or reason
  • “Estar por” means to be in the mood, or inclined to do something
  • In passive constructions
  • Some idiomatic expressions with “Por”

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “SEGÚN

 

  • To express ‘conforme a’ or ‘de acuerdo con’
  • To express ‘en función de’ or ‘dependiendo de’
  • To introduce indirect sentences
  • To form relative groups

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “SIN

 

  • To express lack or absence of something
  • With a noun subordinate in the predicate
  • To form participle adjectives
  • To express absence of collaboration or company
  • To express absence of something or not included
  • As a conditional clause
  • “no + participle” = “sin + Infinitive”
  • “no + gerund” = “sin + infinitive”
  • Preceded by the adverb “no”, it forms a kind of habitual lítotes (attenuation). “Litotes” is an expression in which the speaker, without saying all what they want to say, they make their intention understood, and it is done by negating the opposite of what is intended to be said

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “SO

 

  • With the locution “so pena de” (bajo amenaza de which means “under the threat of”).
  • With the locutions “So pretexto de”, “so color de”, or “so capa de”. (Con el pretexto de, con la excusa de, con la disculpa de, con el motivo aparente de, which means “under the pretext of”).

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “SOBRE

 

  • To express location on the vertical axis with or without physical contact.
  • To express prominence or priority
  • To express the topic of something
  • With nominal groups related to approximate time

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “TRAS

 

  • To identify the person or thing put before others
  • What is behind a succession either static or dynamic
  • When referring to time, it means “después de”
  • To express the repeatition of something in a sequence of time with “noun + tras + noun”

  

  1. Usage of the preposition “VERSUS

 

  • It means “contra” or “frente a”

 

  1. Usage of the preposition “VÍA

 

  • The place where something passes through or when there is a stop
  • With the construction “por vía + adjective”

 

Acknowledgements

Why is Chinese New Year special?

smallhead BIGWISDOM

Rising your being

Why is Chinese New Year special?

It’s widely known that Chinese New Year or Spring Festival is special and doesn’t have a specific day like the Gregorian calendar: Every year is different!

 

 

 

 

While living in China, I was able to perceive that, alike western countries, Chinese people celebrate the Chinese New Year’s Eve which is extremely important for the entire population regardless their social statuses, political affiliations, financial situations or educational levels. Everyone gets ready for this remarkable occasion by being involved in particular activities of complete jubilation. 

The importance of the Chinese Spring Festival reaches the highest level that migrating workers (people working in other distant areas, mostly rural) travel to their hometowns by train for around 15 or more hours. So, congestion at train stations is inevitable and there are people who take advantage of this high demand for tickets to resell them and earn some extra money.  In addition, most of companies both public and private have one-week recess to give their employees the opportunity to rejoice this memorable event.

Another peculiar aspect is the Chinese Zodiac. It is a 12-year cycle and each year is identified with a different animal. Those 12 animals are: Dog, dragon, horse, monkey, ox, pig, rabbit, rat, rooster, sheep, snake and tiger. It’s interesting because based on your birth month, an animal will be assigned to you. Many Chinese people firmly believe in the designations of each animal and behave accordingly. Personally, I only believe in positive things and ignore the rest.

A few days before New Year, houses are decorated with banners in red color of important historical figures, icons as a symbol of good luck and the animal representing that year. People’s moods are noticeably striking which allow them to carry out their duties in a more relaxed and joyful way.

In the evening of the New Year’s Eve, relatives get together to have a special dinner which includes, among others, rice, cabbage, eggplant, tofu, pork, beef, fish, chicken and the unavoidable traditional dumplings.

 

 

 

 

 

In several Spring Festivals, I had the chance “to help” in the preparation process of dumplings which are made of flour and filled with pork or beef and some vegetables. Actually, I’m not sure how helpful was my participation because my culinary skills are rated as “non-existing” and this rating is constantly descending.

Anyway, the most gratifying aspect while preparing dumplings was the integration among friends and relatives, with joy, laughter and drinks. Personally, I don’t drink alcohol beverages, but many Chinese people don’t have hesitation to keep themselves “hydrated” with these “mood-transforming drinks.”

Similar to western countries, in China, fireworks on special events like Spring Festival are very popular for their colorful intensity and duration.

After dinner, which may last several hours, traditional people tend to watch special TV programs especially prepared for the occasion. Drinking, smoking and chatting are the key ingredients during this period.

 

 

 

The next day, the New Year’s first day, the common tradition is to visit other relatives, such as grandparents, parents and siblings. During that encounter, some memories and promises of plans for the New Year are shared among them and the most important intention is to reinforce their family bonds as some of them only see each other once a year.

As part of the normal evolution, this tradition is changing in China and now, it’s normal to find western customs such as Christmas trees, jingle bells, and other non-Chinese traditional adornments.

When I asked some of my Chinese friends for the reasons of adopting, for example, a Christmas tree, they were unable to provide a logical reason. One of the answers was: “Just because it’s common all over the world.”

It’s clear this has been influenced by advertisement and foreign culture being introduced after China started taking part in the globalization process; however, in my opinion, Chinese parents or schools should teach their kids to be authentic without following the masses or trends blindly. It’s a hard task but worth trying it to preserve the Chinese cultural heritage. 

 

Bottom line

If you have some experiences or opinions on this regard, please share them on the comments below, so we can all learn from each other.

 

  • Have you ever participated in a Spring Festival’ activity in China?
  • What aspects have caught your attention?
  • Do you believe in the Zodiac predictions?
  • What do you think of visiting some of your relatives only in the New Year?

 

Why do Asian people change their names?

smallhead BIGWISDOM

Rising your being

Why do Asian people change their names?

 

Recently, the “cool trend” of many Asian people to change their names is increasingly becoming more popular. I can only speak about some citizens of China, Japan, Korea, Vietnam and Singapore.

But, what’s wrong with this?

 

 

 

Great question! And the answer is clear: There is nothing wrong that people change their names.

What is controversial and inappropriate, in my opinion, is the fact the names are changed but not officially in their identity documents. Just an informal change.

I was able to see this phenomenon more often when living in China. Especially Chinese students feel a sort of necessity to change their names simply because foreigners, according to students, have a very hard time to pronounce their names, so they want to make foreigners’ lives easier.

This is acceptable for a temporary period of time or as part of pedagogical activities, but that’s it.

For me, this kind of name change shows lack of self-esteem and strong personality. And that’s exactly what some students demonstrated when they told me with bold honesty, “I don’t like my name as it’s ugly and hard to pronounce.”

Well, feeling that way is perfectly normal; however, doing nothing to remediate the situation is what I disagree with.

 

 

I’ve had the opportunity to work with many Chinese people and some of their “adopted” names are: Maria, Teresa, Cindy, Rebecca, Rose, Peter, John, Paul, Richard, Tom, to mention just a few. But when we need to find them in the company intranet, is not unusual to find something like ‘Ai’, ‘Feng’, ‘Huan’, ‘Jia’, ‘Bao’, ‘Chen’, ‘Dong’.

This is totally misleading!

When I asked a friend why he had the hidden name ‘Bao’, he just replied with his face turning reddish, “Never mind. Just call me Peter.” I understood the message he felt ashamed of his real name, so I kept silent to respect his decision.

Up to this point, this is just a matter of low self-esteem or temporary personality instability or the trivial desire of following the “trend” that others started. At the end of the day, this can be easily fixed.

Nevertheless, the embarrassing situation comes when picking their names.

 

 

It’s inherent to human beings to make mistakes, but for God’s sake, try not to make two mistakes in a row! If you freely decided to change your name because of the reasons explained above or whatever other reason you may have, that would be a mistake that will not jeopardize your entrance to ‘Heaven’; however, if you are careless in doing your due diligence with a preliminary research of your new name meaning in the most common languages, your entrance to “Hell’ is guaranteed. That is for simply choosing Spanish names like the following:

“Caca”, “freak”, “perra” or “veneno”.

These were real names some students chose for themselves. When I told them their meanings, they actually decided not to change their Chinese names. You can Google their meanings and I’m sure you will immediately realize why choosing your new name randomly, may generate a high level of discombobulation.

For the time being, I can tell you that “perra” means a female dog. But female dogs are cute, smart, lovely, etc., you may wonder. Wait a minute, because “perra” also means “prostitute”. It’s up to you if still want to move forward with that name.

Something clear is regardless the name you choose, it’s very likely that such a name means something shameful in any language. My humble suggestion is:

  • Keep your freaking awesome original name
  • Look for the meaning of your new name in some languages: English, Spanish, French, German, Russian, Italian, Portuguese, Korean, Japanese, to name just a few
  • Or to keep it simple, just pick whatever name you like and don’t care for its meaning and what other people say about it

Bottom line

If you have some experiences or opinions on this regard, please share them on the comments below, so we can all learn from each other.

 

  • Do you like your name?
  • Have you ever (unofficially) changed your name?
  • Why do people change their names?
  • Is it wrong that people change their names to please others?

 

 

 

Indicative – Future perfect in Spanish

smallhead BIGWISDOM

Rising your being

Indicative – Future perfect in Spanish

 

The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

 

 

Examples

 

Affirmative form:

 

  • En noviembre, habré recibido mi promoción (In November, I will have received my promotion)
  • Habrás terminado el trabajo a las 3 pm (You will have completed the work at 3 pm)
  • Dentro de 2 años, Kelly y Ramona habrán logrado sus metas principales (Within 2 years, Kelly and Ramona will have achieved their main goals)
  • Cuando llegue mi mamá ya habré preparado la cena (When my mom comes, I will have already prepared the dinner)
  • Para esa fecha, vosotros ya os habréis graduado (By that date, you will have already graduated)

 

 

Negative form:

 

  • En noviembre, no habré recibido mi promoción (In November, I will not have received my promotion)
  • No habrás terminado el trabajo a las 3 pm (You will not have completed the work at 3 pm)
  • Dentro de 2 años, Kelly y Ramona no habrán logrado sus metas principales (Within 2 years, Kelly and Ramona will not have achieved their main goals)
  • Cuando llegue mi mamá no habré preparado la cena todavía (When my mom comes, I will not have prepared the dinner yet)
  • Para esa fecha, vosotros no os habréis graduado todavía (By that date, you will not have graduated yet)

 

The Future Perfect conjugation of the model regular verbs (ar, er, ir) is:

 

 

 

Amar

Correr

Yo

habré amado

habré corrido

habrás amado

habrás corrido

usted, él, ella

habrá amado

habrá corrido

nosotros o nosotras

habremos amado

habremos corrido

vosotros o vosotras

habréis amado

habréis corrido

ustedes, ellos, ellas

habrán amado

habrán corrido

 

 

 

Partir

Yo

habré partido

habrás partido

usted, él, ella

habrá partido

nosotros o nosotras

habremos partido

vosotros o vosotras

habréis partido

ustedes, ellos, ellas

habrán partido

 

 

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level A1!

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level A2!

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level B1!

 

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level B2!

 

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level C1!

 

 

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about Spanish DELE Exam - Level C2!

 

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about China!

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about China!

(Spanish Edition)

 

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about All Prepositions in Spanish!

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

Get the book about 1100 English-Spanish Cognates!

Bonus:  Audio pronunciations

Get it now!

(See Table of Content)

 

error: Content is protected !!